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One possible solution to this problem is the use of so-called confidence thresholds, i.e. the systems are programmed in such a way that they either only produce an answer if the systems are rather certain of it or they indicate how certain they are of the individual statements. In the case of deterministic AI – i.e. systems that specialise in recognising or classifying certain things – such values are commonly used. In the field of generative AI, however, this is not yet very common. In our view, it should be used more often. For example, a chatbot can be programmed so that it only provides an answer if it is relatively certain of it. It is, however, not clear how high the probability must be for something to be considered (supposed) fact instead of (supposed) fiction.

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